IoT Communications and Protocols IP Address
IP Adress
The IP address is a numeric identifier assigned to each machine on an IP network. The IP address is used to communicate one computer with another computer. Every computer must have an IP address. So it very important to understand the concept of the IP Addressing Scheme. An IP address is a soft address This, not a hardware address.
Transmission Control Protocol(TCP)
The simplest transport protocol on the Internet, TCP is built on top of the basic I P protocol and adds sequence numbers, acknowledgments, and retransmissions. This means that a message sent with TCP can be arbitrarily long and give the sender some assurance that it actually arrived at the destination intact. Because the combination of TCP and IP is so useful, many services are built on it in turns, such as email and the HTT P protocol that transmits information across the World Wide Web.
The IP Protocol Suite (TCP/IP)
The combination of TCP and IP is so ubiquitous that we often refer simply to “TCP/ IP” to describe a whole suite or stack of protocols layered on top of each other, each layer building on the capabilities of the one below.
' The low-level protocols at the link layer manage the transfer of bits of information across a network link. This could be by an Ethernet cable, by WiFi, or across a telephone network, or even by short-range radio standards such as IEEE 802.154 designed to carry data over the Personal Area Network
(PAN), that is to say between devices carried by an individual.
The Internet layer then sits on top of these various links and abstracts away the gory details in favor of a simple destination address.
Then TCP, Which lives in the transport layer, sits on top of I P and extends it with more sophisticated control of the messages passed. Finally, the application layer contains the protocols that deal with fetching web pages, sending emails, and Internet telephony. Of these, HTTP is the most ubiquitous for the web, and indeed for communication between Internet of Things devices.
